Top 100 Python Interview Questions: Beginners, Intermediate, and Advanced levels

Beginner-Level Python Interview Questions

1. What is Python?
2. What are the key features of Python?
3. What is PEP 8, and why is it important?
4. How is Python interpreted?
5. What are Python’s built-in data types?
6. What is the difference between mutable and immutable types?
7. What are Python’s built-in data structures?
8. Explain the difference between lists and tuples.
9. What are Python’s built-in functions?
10. How do you declare a variable in Python?
11. What is type conversion in Python?
12. What is the difference between is and ==?
13. How do you take user input in Python?
14. What are Python’s different types of operators?
15. Explain the use of indentation in Python.
16. What is the purpose of the pass keyword?
17. How do you write comments in Python?
18. How does Python handle memory management?
19. What is the purpose of the id() function?
20. How do you check the type of a variable?

---

Intermediate-Level Python Interview Questions

21. What are Python modules and packages?
22. What is the difference between a module and a script?
23. How do you import a module in Python?
24. What are *args and **kwargs in Python?
25. How do you create a virtual environment in Python?
26. What is the difference between deep copy and shallow copy?
27. How does Python handle exceptions?
28. What is the purpose of the try, except, finally, and else blocks?
29. How do you raise an exception in Python?
30. What is the difference between range() and xrange()?
31. What is a lambda function in Python?
32. Explain list comprehension with an example.
33. What is a generator in Python?
34. What are Python decorators?
35. What is the difference between @staticmethod and @classmethod?
36. What is the __init__ method in Python?
37. What is the difference between deepcopy() and copy()?
38. What are Python’s built-in string methods?
39. How does Python implement multithreading?
40. How do you open and read a file in Python?

---

Advanced-Level Python Interview Questions

41. What is the Global Interpreter Lock (GIL)?
42. How do you handle memory leaks in Python?
43. What is metaprogramming in Python?
44. How does Python’s garbage collection work?
45. What are Python’s special methods (dunder methods)?
46. What is the difference between staticmethod and instance method?
47. Explain the difference between method overloading and method overriding in Python.
48. What is Monkey Patching in Python?
49. What is the purpose of with statement in Python?
50. What is the difference between join() and split()?
51. How do you optimize Python performance?
52. What are Python’s built-in optimization techniques?
53. What are weak references in Python?
54. What is the purpose of the del statement?
55. What is the difference between a process and a thread?
56. What is a Python metaclass?
57. How does Python implement data serialization?
58. How do you work with JSON in Python?
59. What is the difference between pickle and json?
60. What is a Python descriptor?

---

Data Structures and Algorithms in Python

61. How do you implement a linked list in Python?
62. How do you reverse a string in Python?
63. How do you find duplicates in a list?
64. What is the difference between sort() and sorted()?
65. How do you implement a binary search algorithm?
66. How do you merge two sorted lists?
67. How do you find the intersection of two lists?
68. How do you remove duplicates from a list?
69. How do you check if a string is a palindrome?
70. How do you find the longest common prefix among strings?
71. How do you implement a stack using Python?
72. How do you implement a queue using Python?
73. What is a hash table in Python?
74. What is the difference between a set and a dictionary?
75. How do you find the second largest number in a list?
76. How do you rotate an array?
77. What is memoization in Python?
78. How do you implement a graph in Python?
79. How do you find the shortest path in a graph?
80. How do you detect a cycle in a linked list?

---

Database and Web Development in Python

81. What are Python’s built-in database modules?
82. How do you connect to a database using Python?
83. What is an ORM in Python?
84. What is SQLAlchemy, and how is it used?
85. How do you execute SQL queries in Python?
86. How do you create a REST API in Python?
87. What is Flask, and how is it different from Django?
88. What are Django’s key features?
89. How does Django’s ORM work?
90. How do you handle authentication in Django?

---

Python Testing and Debugging

91. How do you debug a Python program?
92. What are Python’s built-in debugging tools?
93. What is unittest in Python?
94. What is pytest, and how is it used?
95. How do you write test cases in Python?
96. How do you mock objects in Python?
97. What is code coverage, and how do you measure it?
98. How do you use logging in Python?
99. How do you handle errors in Python?
100. What are best practices for writing clean Python code?